Venus was called the sister of the Earth. Venus is a caricature copy of the Earth.
Interesting fact: Venus has a very aggressive atmosphere, inconceivably high surface temperatures and poisonous clouds in the sky.
Atmosphere of venus
The dense atmosphere of Venus, consisting mainly of carbon dioxide, envelops the planet with a heavy blanket. If you were on the surface of Venus, its atmospheric column would press you with a force of 85 kilograms per 1 square centimeter. On Earth, atmospheric pressure is 85 times less. A coin thrown from a height in the atmosphere of Venus will slowly fall, as if through a layer of water.
Walking on the surface of Venus is as difficult as walking on the bottom of the earth’s ocean. If the wind suddenly rises from Venus, it will carry you like a sea wave carries a sliver.
The atmosphere of Venus is 96 percent carbon dioxide. This creates a greenhouse effect on its surface. The sun heats the surface of the planet, but the heat generated cannot be scattered in space, as it is reflected by a layer of carbon dioxide. Therefore, the temperature on the surface of Venus, as in an oven, is about 480 degrees Celsius. The clouds of Venus are better not to remember at all.
These dirty white and yellow clubs consist mainly of sulfuric acid fumes and stink of rotten eggs. In the course of chemical reactions occurring in the clouds, acids are formed in which lead, zinc and diamond dissolve.Venus is completely shrouded in many layers of such clouds. For many years, earthlings could only guess what is under the cloud cover of the planet - the neighbors.
Surface of venus
As it usually happens, fantasizing, we draw in our imagination paintings familiar to us. Venus science fiction likened the Earth. It was believed that if it is shrouded in clouds, then surely its entire surface is covered with swamps. People naively believed that the climate there should be very rainy. Well, continuous eternal clouds!
Reality turned out to be completely different from fantasy. In the late 60s and early 70s, Soviet scientists sent several spacecraft from the Venus series to Venus. It turned out that the landscape of Venus is continuous rocky deserts, moreover, absolutely waterless. The surface of Venus is dotted with thousands of volcanoes. Naturally, at such temperatures all water from the surface simply boils away.
In 1990, the Americans sent the spacecraft Magellan equipped with a radar to Venus for a more detailed study of the surface of Venus. The task was this: it is necessary to penetrate the gaze, even with the locator, through the cloud cover of Venus. Here is how it was done. The ship sent a radio signal to Venus. Radio waves penetrated through the clouds and collided with the surface of Venus. Part of the waves was absorbed by the surface, part was reflected back and received by the locator screen. Thus, a map of the surface of Venus was compiled.
There were some surprises during this study.The surface of Venus was dotted with thousands of volcanoes. To the south of the Venusian equator, the satellite discovered a plateau with a height of more than 2.5 kilometers.
Interesting fact:The temperature on the surface of Venus reaches 480 degrees Celsius.
The plateau consists of frozen volcanic lava. Scientists believe that due to the hot climate, the volcanic lava on Venus cools and hardens more slowly than on Earth. Therefore, the volcanic mountains on Venus reach a greater height than on Earth. According to satellite data, rivers of red-hot lava flowed for millions of years on the surface of Venus. One of the long canals, eaten by lava in the Venusian soil, reaches a length of 1000 kilometers.
In terrestrial conditions, water and wind quickly erosion, re-emerging geological formations, so the results of the action of ancient volcanoes are not visible on Earth. Venus provided us with this opportunity, where traces of volcanic activity have been preserved for centuries and we can see how volcanoes change the surface of the planet.
